Which of the following is NOT a principle of Knowles's Fundamental Principles of Learning?

Knowles's Fundamental Principles of Learning focus on the characteristics and needs of adult learners. Among these principles, relevance is emphasized because adults are more motivated to learn when the information is applicable to their real-life situations. Self-directed learning is another core principle, as adults typically prefer to take initiative in their educational pursuits, setting their own goals and finding resources. Motivation is also a crucial aspect, as adults are driven by both internal and external factors when engaging with new material.

Financial stability, however, does not constitute a fundamental principle in Knowles's framework. While it can certainly impact a learner’s ability to pursue education, it is not a principle that directly pertains to the learning process itself, unlike the other options. Therefore, identifying financial stability as the choice that does not align with Knowles's principles supports a better understanding of how adult learning principles are structured around personal relevance, self-direction, and motivation.